Famed southern actress Anushka Shetty has revealed her struggle with pseudobulbar affect (PBA), a neurological disorder often referred to as the “laughing disease.” In an interview with Indiaglitz, the “Baahubali” star disclosed that this rare condition causes her to laugh uncontrollably for 15-20 minutes at a time, which has significantly impacted her professional life.
“I have a laughing disease. You might wonder, ‘Is laughing a problem?’ For me, it is. If I start laughing, I can’t stop for 15-20 minutes. While watching or shooting comedy scenes, I literally roll on the floor laughing, and the shoot has been halted many times,” the 42-year-old actress shared.
What is Pseudobulbar Affect?
Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a neurological disorder characterized by sudden, uncontrollable episodes of laughing or crying that are disconnected from the individual’s actual emotional state. This condition typically results from neurological damage or injury associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, or Parkinson’s disease.
Individuals with PBA may experience disruptive outbursts of laughter or tears, which do not reflect their true feelings. Although it might seem manageable, controlling these episodes can be challenging for those affected. Treatment options often include medications that affect brain neurotransmitters to help manage symptoms.
Dr. Sunil Singla, Director and HOD of Neurology at SHALBY Sanar International Hospitals, notes that PBA often occurs secondary to illnesses in the brain such as stroke, ALS, head injuries, and Parkinson’s disease. It is more commonly seen in older individuals. Consulting a healthcare professional is crucial for proper diagnosis and management of PBA.
Symptoms of Pseudobulbar Affect (PBA)
The primary symptom of PBA is episodes of uncontrollable laughing and/or crying, which may occur with or without context. Mood changes between episodes can happen anytime. According to the Mayo Clinic, crying episodes are more common than laughing in PBA.
PBA episodes typically elicit an intense emotional response, with episodes lasting for several minutes. It is often mistaken for depression due to its association with crying, but unlike depression, PBA episodes are shorter and do not result in a lasting sense of despair. PBA patients usually do not exhibit depressive symptoms such as insomnia or appetite loss.
Causes of Pseudobulbar Affect
PBA is generally caused by neurological conditions or injuries that disrupt emotional regulation in the brain. Common causes include:
Neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease.
Brain abnormalities that affect emotional regulation.
Medications that alter neurotransmitter levels in the brain.
Genetics, particularly if there is a family history of the condition.
Treatment for Pseudobulbar Affect
While there is no specific cure for PBA, treatment focuses on managing symptoms to improve quality of life. Antidepressant drugs may be prescribed, although their effectiveness can vary. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is also a potential option, according to Dr. Singla.
Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers are necessary to monitor treatment effectiveness and make necessary adjustments. A comprehensive approach involving medication, management of underlying conditions, and supportive therapies is essential for addressing PBA and improving the overall well-being of those affected.
Anushka Shetty’s openness about her condition sheds light on the challenges of living with PBA, raising awareness and understanding of this rare neurological disorder.
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