Researchers from the University of Queensland have found a connection between the bitter ‘supertaster gene’ and various health conditions, including bipolar disorder and poor kidney function.
Using large – scale genome studies and the UK Biobank database, the researchers examined the impact of the TAS2R38 gene on food preference and health risks. The TAS2R38 gene controls how strongly people taste bitterness in foods such as broccoli and Brussels sprouts. People who carry two copies of the gene are highly sensitive to bitter – tasting chemical compounds.
The study found that people with copies of the TAS2R38 gene tend to consume less horseradish, grapefruit, and alcohol, and are less likely to add extra salt to their meals. Interestingly, they enjoy moderately salty foods and end up eating more salt overall, which could affect kidney function over time. There was also an association between the gene and chronic kidney disease, as well as an increased likelihood of having bipolar disorder.
However, while the link between the gene and the gut microbiome and diet can be explained, the reason for the higher risk of bipolar disorder is still unclear. “This information will be useful in designing more personalized nutrition plans,” said Dr. Daniel Hwang from UQ’s Institute for Molecular Bioscience. The research is published in the European Journal of Nutrition.
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